Ma ke ʻano he mea hoʻohana maʻamau no ka metalalapaʻau ʻili, pana kilaaia nō i loko

koi nui ma ka ʻoihana.ʻO kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei me ka hoʻomau mau ʻana o ka home

kila pana hana 'oihana, ke kumu kuai o ke kila pana no hoi i ka emi makahiki e

makahiki, akā ke hoʻonui nei ka nui o ka hoʻohana ʻana, ua hoʻonui ʻia ka nui i kēlā me kēia makahiki.

ʻO kekahi mau makahiki i hala aku nei ma muli o ka piʻi ʻana o nā kumukūʻai kila o Kina, ʻo ia ka mea nui o ke kila

pana,hao haoke piʻi nei nā kumukūʻai, akā i ka wā e hiki mai ana, ua hāʻule nā ​​kumukūʻai kila

hou, ke kuai kumu kūʻai o ke kila pana pu no hoi kulu, pela hana i ke kuai maka mea, aka

kūʻai aku i nā huahana i hoʻopau ʻia ma ke ʻano makeke, ʻo ia ka pahu kila maʻamau i ka loaʻa kālā o ka mea hana

margin a hiki i lalo.No ka mea, kekahi mau mea hana o ka hana makapo, e alakai ana i a

ʻAʻole i paʻa ka nui o ka ʻike loea, ʻaʻole maikaʻi ka maikaʻi o ka pana kila,

pana kilamakeke i kekahi manawa ua huikau ke kulana.Akā me ka wikiwiki o ka ho'ōla a

ka hoʻomohala ʻana o ka mākeke pana kila i nā makahiki i hala iho nei.

I nā makahiki i hala iho nei, ʻo ka ulu wikiwiki ʻana o Kina, ua mālie ka mākeke pana kila

hoʻoikaika ʻia, maikaʻi ka manaʻo o ka mākeke.

ʻO ka pana kila kekahi ʻano metala maʻamaumea lapaʻau mea hana, pana kila he

i hoʻonohonoho pono ʻia, ka nui o nā ʻāpana like ʻole, me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pana kila e mālama i ka ʻili o ka metala

workpiece hiki ke pāʻani i ka hoʻonui i ka ili kaomi o ka metala workpiece, hiki

hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi loa i ka hiki anti-fatigue o ka mea hana.Ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka pana kila

ka hana metala workpiece ili i nā hiʻohiʻona o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe wikiwiki wikiwiki, kila

pana aone kilaloaʻa ka paʻakikī kūpono, me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi, ke kihi kūloko a me

paʻakikī shape o ka workpiece hiki ke like a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe wikiwiki, hoʻopōkole i ka manawa o

ka lapaʻau ʻili, hoʻomaikaʻi maikaʻi i ka hana, he mea lapaʻau maikaʻi maikaʻi.

ʻO ka pana kila he mea lapaʻau maʻamau maʻamau, he nui nā ʻano o ka pana kila, no ka mea

nā ʻano kī kila like ʻole, ʻaʻole like nā mea maka a me nā mea hana.ʻO ka

Eia na ano nui o ka pana kila.

ʻO ke kiʻi kila he ʻano mea pale lole kiʻekiʻe.He oolea haahaa,

ka paʻakikī ikaika, ka hopena maikaʻi a me ke ola lawelawe lōʻihi.Ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka

workpiece, he maikai resilience, hoʻomaʻemaʻe wikiwiki wikiwiki a me ka haʻahaʻa hoʻohana.ʻO ka pana kila

hoʻohana nui ʻia, e like me ka hoʻolei ʻana, forgings, machining parts surface and parts after heat

ka mālama ʻana i ka ʻili a me nā māla ʻē aʻe.Hoʻohana ʻia ka pana kila i ka hana maʻamau,

hana moku, etc.